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Spring 学习(八)：AOP异常通知和环绕通知

  • 作者: 你是我遥不可及的梦i39507074
  • 来源: 51数据库
  • 2021-10-19

AOP异常通知和环绕通知

  • 一、配置异常通知的步骤(AspectJ方式)
  • 二、配置异常通知的步骤(Schema-based方式)
  • 三、配置环绕通知的步骤(Schema-based方式)

一、配置异常通知的步骤(AspectJ方式)

  1. 只有在切点报异常才能触发异常通知，否则无效
  2. 在Spirng 中只有 AspectJ 方式提供可异常通知的方法
  3. 实现步骤
    1. 新建类，在类写任意名称的方法
      package com.zhang.advice;

public class MyThrowAdvice {

	public void myexception(Exception e) {
		System.out.println("执行异常通知，异常信息："+e.getMessage());
	}
}
    2. 在 spring 配置文件中配置
      2.1 < aop:aspect/>的 ref 属性表示：方法在哪个类中
      2.2 < aop:xxx/> 表示什么通知
      2.3 method: 当触发这个通知时，调用哪个方法
      2.4 在异常通知里，throwing表示异常对象名，必须和通知中方法参数名相同(不用写异常对象)
      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg"
    xmlns:context="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg/spring-context.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">
        
        <bean id="mythrow" class="com.zhang.advice.MyThrowAdvice"></bean>
        
        <aop:config>
    		<aop:aspect ref="mythrow">
    			<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhang.pojo.Demo.demo2(..))" id="mypoint"/>
    			<aop:after-throwing method="myexception" pointcut-ref="mypoint" throwing="e"/>
    		</aop:aspect>
    	</aop:config>
        
       <bean id="demo" class="com.zhang.pojo.Demo"></bean>
        
</beans>

二、配置异常通知的步骤(Schema-based方式)

  1. 新建一个类实现 ThrowsAdvice接口
    1.1 必须自己写方法，且必须叫 afterThrowing
    1.2 有两种参数方式，必须是1个或者4个
    1.3 异常类型要与切点报的异常类型一致

    package com.zhang.advice;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;

public class MyThrowAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice{

//	public void afterThrowing(Method arg0,Object[] arg1,Object arg2,Exception e) {
//		System.out.println("执行异常通知");
//	}
	
	public void afterThrowing(Exception e) {
		System.out.println("执行异常通知");
	}
}

  2. 配置 spring 配置文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg"
    xmlns:context="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg/spring-context.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">
        
        <!-- 注入通知类 -->
        <bean id="myBefore" class="com.zhang.advice.MyBefore"></bean>
        <bean id="myAfter" class="com.zhang.advice.MyAfter"></bean>
        <bean id="mythrow" class="com.zhang.advice.MyThrowAdvice"></bean>
        
        <aop:config>
        	<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhang.pojo.Demo.demo2(..))" id="mypoint"/>
        	<aop:advisor advice-ref="mythrow" pointcut-ref="mypoint" />
    	</aop:config>
        
        
       <bean id="demo" class="com.zhang.pojo.Demo"></bean>
	
</beans>

三、配置环绕通知的步骤(Schema-based方式)

把前置通知和后置通知都写到一个通知中，组成了环绕

  1. 新建一个类实现 MethodInterceptor接口

    package com.zhang.advice;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;

public class MyArround implements MethodInterceptor{

	@Override
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation arg0) throws Throwable {
		
		System.out.println("环绕--前置");
		Object result = arg0.proceed();//放行，执行切点程序
		System.out.println("环绕--后置");
		return result;
	}

}

  2. spring 配置文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg"
    xmlns:context="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857836.jpg/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857852.jpg/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857883.jpg/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg
        http://www.51sjk.com/Upload/Articles/1/0/275/275266_20210708070857914.jpg/spring-context.xsd"
        default-autowire="byName">
        
        <!-- 注入通知类 -->
        <bean id="myBefore" class="com.zhang.advice.MyBefore"></bean>
        <bean id="myAfter" class="com.zhang.advice.MyAfter"></bean>
        <bean id="mythrow" class="com.zhang.advice.MyThrowAdvice"></bean>
        <bean id="myArround" class="com.zhang.advice.MyArround"></bean>
        
        <aop:config>
        	<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zhang.pojo.Demo.demo2(..))" id="mypoint"/>
        	<aop:advisor advice-ref="myArround" pointcut-ref="mypoint" />
    	</aop:config>
        
        
       <bean id="demo" class="com.zhang.pojo.Demo"></bean>
        
</beans>
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