在 Mac OS X 上安装红帽容器开发工具包

作者: 首席鉴黄大师
来源: 51数据库
2020-09-09

容器技术很棒，它将会改变我们开发好传递软件的方式。当然也有一个批评此技术的人认为它并不安全和足够安全的在产品环境运行。

随着 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 和 Red Hat Atomic 的登陆，企业和组织机构可以不用牺牲安全性和性能，也能拥抱这一新技术趋势。

什么 Red Hat CDK?

CDK 是 Container Development Kit（容器开发包）的缩写，它能让开发者在他们的桌面系统上使用 Red Hat Atomic，不管他们所使用的是 Microsoft Windows?，Mac OS X? 或者其他 Linux 的发行版。同boot2docker类似，CDK利用虚拟机来启动一个小的主机，它能运行基于 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 的容器。

前置条件

Red Hat 订阅 – 要安装 Red Hat CDK 你就得拥有一个激活了的?Red Hat Enterprise Linux 订阅, 如果没有，可以在?这里?进行申请和查看。
虚拟环境 – VirtualBox (Mac/Windows) 或者 virt-manager (Linux)
Vagrant – 用来创建和管理虚拟环境。

从?Red Hat 消费者门户?下载下面这些东西。

Red Hat 容器工具（Container Tools）
面向 VirtualBox ?的?Red Hat Atomic Vagrant 盒子或者面向libvirt 的 Red Hat Atomic Vagrant 盒子。

安装 Red Hat 容器开发包

注意：在这之前你需要安装好虚拟化环境以及 Vagrant

解压你下载的 cdk.zip 文件到主目录. 这样会创建 ~/cdk (/Users/username/cdk)

$?unzip?-d?$HOME?~/Downloads/cdk-1.0-0.zip

安装使用 Red Hat Vagrant 所需要的?Vagrant 插件. 第一个插件会花几分钟时间，Vagrant 可能会需要安装一些额外的gem文件。

$?cd?~/cdk/plugins
$?vagrant?plugin?install?vagrant-registration-0.0.8.gem
$?vagrant?plugin?install?vagrant-atomic-0.0.3.gem

验证插件是否已经安装好了：

$?vagrant?plugin?list
vagrant-atomic?(0.0.3)
??-?Version?Constraint:?0.0.3
vagrant-registration?(0.0.8)
?-?Version?Constraint:?0.0.8

将 RHEL Atomic 盒子添加到 Vagrant：

$?vagrant?box?add?--name?rhel-atomic-7?~/Downloads/rhel-atomic-virtualbox-7.1-0.x86_64.box

启动 Atomic 主机

为 docker 文件创建一个工作目录

$?mkdir?~/containers?&&?cd?~/containers

为容器创建一个工作目录，并初始化 vagrant

$?mkdir?containers?&&?cd?containers
$?vagrant?init?-m
A?`Vagrantfile`?has?been?placed?in?this?directory.?You?are?now
ready?to?`vagrant?up`?your?first?virtual?environment!?Please?read
the?comments?in?the?Vagrantfile?as?well?as?documentation?on
`vagrantup.com`?for?more?information?on?using?Vagrant.

这一步会创建一个简单的 Vagrant 文件。打开它并像下面这样修改配置：

Vagrant.configure(2)?do?|config|
??config.vm.box?=?"rhel-atomic-7"
??config.vm.hostname?=?"rhel-atomic-7-docker-host"

??config.vm.provider?"virtualbox"?do?|vb|
????vb.customize?["modifyvm",?:id,?"--cpuexecutioncap",?"50"]
????vb.memory?=?4096
??end

??config.vm.provision?"shell",?inline:?<<-SHELL
????sudo?systemctl?stop?docker?>?/dev/null?2>&1
????sudo?groupadd?docker?>?/dev/null?2>&1
????sudo?usermod?-a?-G?docker?vagrant
????sudo?systemctl?enable?docker?&&?sudo?systemctl?start?docker
????sudo?chown?root:docker?/var/run/docker.sock
????sudo?systemctl?enable?docker?&&?sudo?systemctl?start?docker
??SHELL
end

我们现在已经做好了启动容器的准备。在机器的创建过程中，你将会看到是否想要注册系统的提示。回答 “Y” 就会要你输入RHN (Red Hat Network) 账户的用户名和密码.

$?vagrant?up
Bringing?machine?'default'?up?with?'virtualbox'?provider...
==>?default:?Importing?base?box?'rhel-atomic-7'...
==>?default:?Matching?MAC?address?for?NAT?networking...
==>?default:?Setting?the?name?of?the?VM:?containers_default_1432213616739_95846
==>?default:?Clearing?any?previously?set?network?interfaces...
==>?default:?Preparing?network?interfaces?based?on?configuration...
????default:?Adapter?1:?nat
==>?default:?Forwarding?ports...
????default:?22?=>?2222?(adapter?1)
==>?default:?Running?'pre-boot'?VM?customizations...
==>?default:?Booting?VM...
==>?default:?Waiting?for?machine?to?boot.?This?may?take?a?few?minutes...
????default:?SSH?address:?127.0.0.1:2222
????default:?SSH?username:?vagrant
????default:?SSH?auth?method:?private?key
????default:?Warning:?Connection?timeout.?Retrying...
????default:?
????default:?Vagrant?insecure?key?detected.?Vagrant?will?automatically?replace
????default:?this?with?a?newly?generated?keypair?for?better?security.
????default:?
????default:?Inserting?generated?public?key?within?guest...
????default:?Removing?insecure?key?from?the?guest?if?its?present...
????default:?Key?inserted!?Disconnecting?and?reconnecting?using?new?SSH?key...
==>?default:?Machine?booted?and?ready!
==>?default:?Checking?for?guest?additions?in?VM...
????default:?No?guest?additions?were?detected?on?the?base?box?for?this?VM!?Guest
????default:?additions?are?required?for?forwarded?ports,?shared?folders,?host?only
????default:?networking,?and?more.?If?SSH?fails?on?this?machine,?please?install
????default:?the?guest?additions?and?repackage?the?box?to?continue.
????default:?
????default:?This?is?not?an?error?message;?everything?may?continue?to?work?properly,
????default:?in?which?case?you?may?ignore?this?message.
==>?default:?Setting?hostname...
==>?default:?Registering?box?with?vagrant-registration...
????default:?Would?you?like?to?register?the?system?now?(default:?yes)??[y|n]?y
????default:?Subscriber?username:?<your-rhn-username>
????default:?Subscriber?password:?<password>==>?default:?Rsyncing?folder:?/Users/tqvarnst/containers/?=>?/home/vagrant/sync
==>?default:?Running?provisioner:?shell...
????default:?Running:?inline?script

测试你的安装

$?vagrant?ssh
[vagrant@rhel-atomic-7-docker-host?~]$?docker?ps
CONTAINER?ID????????IMAGE???????????????COMMAND?????????????CREATED?????????????STATUS??????????????PORTS???????????????NAMES
[vagrant@rhel-atomic-7-docker-host?~]$?docker?run?-it?rhel7.1?bash
Unable?to?find?image?'rhel7.1:latest'?locally
Pulling?repository?registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7.1
10acc31def5d:?Download?complete?
Status:?Downloaded?newer?image?for?registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7.1:latest
[root@ead3774c2b84?/]#?cat?/etc/redhat-release?
Red?Hat?Enterprise?Linux?Server?release?7.1?(Maipo)
[root@ead3774c2b84?/]#

按下 CTRL-P + CTRL-Q 可以离开你的容器

[vagrant@rhel-atomic-7-docker-host?~]$?docker?ps
CONTAINER?ID????????IMAGE??????????????????????????????????????COMMAND?????????????CREATED??????????????STATUS??????????????PORTS???????????????NAMES
ead3774c2b84????????registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7.1:7.1-4???"bash"??????????????About?a?minute?ago???Up?About?a?minute???????????????????????focused_rosalind

如下命令可以停掉或者删除容器

[vagrant@rhel-atomic-7-docker-host?~]$?docker?stop?$(docker?ps?-q)
ead3774c2b84
[vagrant@rhel-atomic-7-docker-host?~]$?docker?rm?$(docker?ps?-aq)
ead3774c2b84

总结

通过这个指南，你就可以有一个可以来使用基于 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 的容器的工作环境，不管你使用的是 Mac OS X?，Microsoft Windows? 还是其它的Linux发行版。

鸣谢

特别要感谢 Pete Muir 在Vagrant设置上给我带来的支持和帮助。